Mindfulness Practice Reduces Hair Cortisol, Anxiety and Perceived Stress in University Workers: Randomized Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND: Anxiety and stress are common mental health conditions reported by university workers. Practices of mindfulness represent one promising approach as an effective and feasible means to reduce stress, improve mental health and promote well-being; however, there are no clinical trials that have combined long-term stress biomarkers (hair cortisol) and psychometric assessments in a sample of university workers. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based program on long-term stress, by measuring hair cortisol concentration and perceived stress and anxiety among workers who were undergoing high levels of stress. METHOD: We conducted a randomized clinical trial at work among the employees of a public university. We compared a group that received the eight-week mindfulness intervention with the wait list group who received no intervention. RESULTS: A total of 30 participants were included in the study, with n = 15 subjects in the intervention group and n = 15 in the control group. Hair cortisol, perceived stress and anxiety significantly reduced after the intervention compared to the control group, which had no appreciable decline in the measured variables. CONCLUSION: This clinical trial showed the effectiveness of a mindfulness program on mental health psychometric measures (perceived stress and anxiety) and on a long-term stress biomarker (hair cortisol). It can be concluded that an eight-week mindfulness program could be implemented as an effective strategy to reduce stress biomarkers (hair cortisol) as well as perceived stress and anxiety, improving the mental health of university workers.

Validation of the Brazilian Version of the Langer Mindfulness Scale.

Background and Purpose: The Langer Mindfulness Scale (LMS) is distinguished from other mindfulness scales by its dimensions, which are closely related to the awareness and experience of novelty, and by being a scale derived from a cognitive perspective of information processing. There are no mindfulness instruments of this type available in Brazil. Therefore, this study aimed to carry out a translation and cultural adaptation of the LMS into Brazilian Portuguese and to validate and assess the internal consistency and convergent construct validity of the translated instrument. Methods: The study had two distinct stages: (a) translation and cultural adaptation of the LMS into Brazilian Portuguese and (b) validation of the adapted instrument using a sample of 543 participants. Results: The Brazilian version of the LMS demonstrated acceptable internal consistency, with confirmatory factor analysis supporting the original four-factor model. Correlations between LMS, and the Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire and the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale were statistically significant and in the expected directions. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the Brazilian version of LMS, with its four dimensions, presents acceptable psychometric properties and seems to be a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the state of mindfulness in a Brazilian cultural context.

Depression and Substance Use Among Brazilian University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The prevalence of depression and substance use changed significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study explored the association between the use of psychoactive substances and depression in Brazilian university students. This cross-sectional study was conducted between 2021 and 2022. A sample of 1271 students were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). Hierarchical multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association between tobacco use, alcohol consumption, illicit substance use, and depression. Among the participants, 424 (33.4%; 95%CI 30.7-36) screened positive for depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10). Alcohol was the most consumed substance. Recent use of illicit substances was associated with depression (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.59; CI 1.02-2.50). The pattern of moderate or high-risk tobacco use (aOR 2.11; CI 1.31-3.42), alcohol use (aOR 3.40; CI 2.29-5.06), and illicit substances (aOR 1.82; CI 1.15-2.89) were associated with higher chances of depression in adjusted models. Findings highlight the importance of implementing support for mental health among university students. These policies are crucial for addressing maladaptive behaviors, such as substance use, and for mitigating psychological distress, such as depression, which has been exacerbated during the pandemic.

Risk factors for the population's mental health amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors for mental health in the population in times of COVID-19 through the analysis of levels of socio-cognitive mindfulness and perception of stress in individuals. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional observational study with a quantitative approach, carried out through online data collection using the Perceived Stress Scale and the Langer Mindfulness Scale in a sample of 955 individuals from different regions of Brazil. RESULTS: Women, younger people and individuals with low socioeconomic conditions had higher levels of perceived stress; on the other hand, older men and individuals with high socioeconomic status had higher levels of mindfulness. CONCLUSION: Socio-cognitive mindfulness was not a protective factor for perceived stress in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Echoes of early-life stress on suicidal behavior in individuals with substance use disorder / Ecos del estrés en la vida temprana en el comportamiento suicida en personas con trastorno por uso de sustancias

Introduction: Psychoactive substances abuse is considered a problematic social factor due its likelihood to cause harmful, self-destructive behaviors to the subjects and the overall society. Stress in an individual's early life may also be a contributing factor to substance abuse as well as suicide attempts. There is a lack of studies examining these factors in people with substance-use disorder. Aim: to identify the relationship between early-life stress and suicide attempts in drug-dependent adults. Methods: This is a predictive correlational study with a cross-sectional approach. The convenience sample consisted of 105 individuals treated at an outpatient unit for addiction treatment. The participants were assessed using the Mini-international Neuropsychiatric Interview, a Childhood Trauma Questionnaire to measure the severity of the different types of early life stress; the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation was also used. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics through univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The analyzed sample included 33 (31.4%) individuals who attempted suicide and were significantly more likely to suffer from emotional, physical, or sexual abuse than those who had never attempted suicide (p <0,05). Conclusions: Different forms of early-life stress are related to attempted suicide in people with substance-use disorder. Further studies are needed to understand the effects of early-life stress on suicide attempts in drug-dependent people.

Introducción: El abuso de sustancias psicoactivas se considera un factor social problemático cuando se producen conductas autodestructivas perjudiciales para el sujeto y la sociedad. El estrés en la vida temprana de una persona también puede ser un factor que contribuya a las situaciones de abuso de sustancias, así como a los intentos de suicidio. Hay una falta de estudios que examinen estos factores en personas con trastorno por uso de sustancias. Objetivo: Identificar la relación entre estrés en la vida temprana y los intentos de suicidio en personas adultas con trastorno por uso de sustancias. Métodos: Estudio correlacional, predictivo, transversal. La muestra de conveniencia consistió en 105 personas tratadas en una unidad ambulatoria para el tratamiento de adicciones. Las personas se evaluaron por medio de la Mini-Entrevista Neuropsiquiátrica Internacional, el Cuestionario de Trauma Infantil para medir la gravedad de los diferentes tipos de estrés en la vida temprana y la Escala de Beck para Ideación Suicida. Los datos se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva e inferencial mediante regresión logística univariante y multivariante. Resultados: De la muestra analizada, 33 (31,4%) habían intentado suicidarse y tenían una exposición significativamente mayor al abuso emocional, físico y sexual (p<0,05) en comparación con las personas que nunca habían intentado suicidarse. Conclusiones: Diferentes formas de estrés en la vida temprana están relacionadas con el intento de suicidio en personas con trastorno por consumo de sustancias. Se necesitan más estudios para comprender los efectos del estrés en la vida temprana sobre los intentos de suicidio en una persona con dependencia.

Introdução: O uso abusivo de substâncias psicoativas é considerado um fator social problemático quando ocorrem comportamentos autodestrutivos prejudiciais ao sujeito e à sociedade. O estresse no início da vida de um indivíduo também pode ser um fator que contribui para situações de abuso de substâncias, bem como tentativas de suicídio. Há uma falta de estudos examinando esses fatores em pessoas com transtorno por uso de substâncias. Objetivo: Identificar a relação entre o estresse no início da vida e as tentativas de suicídio em adultos com transtorno de uso de substâncias. Métodos: Estudo correlacional preditivo com abordagem transversal. A amostra por conveniência foi composta por 105 indivíduos atendidos em uma unidade ambulatorial para tratamento de dependências e foi avaliada por meio do Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, do Childhood Trauma Questionnaire para medir a gravidade de diferentes tipos de estresse precoce e da Escala de Beck para Ideação Suicida. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e inferencial por meio de regressão logística univariada e multivariada. Resultados: Da amostra analisada, 33 (31,4%) já haviam tentado suicídio e tiveram exposição significativamente maior a abusos emocionais, físicos e sexuais (p <0,05) em comparação com os participantes que nunca tentaram suicídio. Conclusões: Diferentes formas de estresse no início da vida estão relacionadas à tentativa de suicídio em indivíduos com transtorno por uso de substâncias . Mais estudos são necessários para compreender os efeitos do estresse precoce nas tentativas de suicídio de uma pessoa com dependência.

The Impact of an Online Mindfulness-Based Practice Program on the Mental Health of Brazilian Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This quantitative, before-after study was developed to evaluate the usefulness of an online mindfulness practices program to help nursing professionals deal with stress in the challenging context of the COVID-19 pandemic through the assessment of perceived stress, anxiety and depression, levels of mindfulness, and participants' satisfaction with the program. Eligible participants were assessed at baseline to receive the online mindfulness training program for eight weeks and were appraised again at the end of the program. Standardized measures of perceived stress, depression, anxiety, and one-dimensional and multidimensional mindfulness were performed. Participant satisfaction was also studied. Adherence to treatment was 70.12%. The perceived stress, depression, and anxiety scores were significantly lower after the intervention. The mindfulness measure increased significantly, as well as the sense of well-being and satisfaction with life, study, and/or work. The participants showed high satisfaction with the program and would recommend it to other professionals. Our results indicate that mindfulness-based interventions represent an effective strategy for nurses in the face of the need for self-care with mental health and mechanisms that guarantee the sustainability of their capacities to continue exercising health care.

Relationship between early-life stress and trait mindfulness in adulthood: a correlational study.

BACKGROUND: To investigate the relationship between early-life stress (ELS) and the trait mindfulness level in workers. METHOD: This study is quantitative cross-sectional and correlational research with a sample of 929 workers from a Brazilian public university. ELS and mindfulness assessment was performed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-BR (FFMQ-BR), respectively. The data were submitted to correlation tests adopting a significance level of .05 and a multivariate linear regression analysis. RESULTS: 50.0% of the participants obtained a score indicative of ELS exposure in at least one subtype among the five proposed by the CTQ, with emotional neglect predominating (63.0%). The group not exposed to emotional abuse had higher scores in the "describe-positive formulation" and "non-reactivity to inner experience" facets. Those that scored for physical abuse had higher values in "acting with awareness-autopilot". However, the group exposed to sexual abuse obtained the highest score in the "acting with awareness-autopilot" and "acting with awareness-distraction" facets. The correlation between FFMQ-BR and CTQ overall scores showed a weak correlation with statistical significance. The multiple linear revealed that the facets of mindfulness were significantly associated by at least one type of early stress; however, no significant association was found between CTQ and FFMQ-BR overall results. CONCLUSION: The results showed that emotional regulation might have effectively occurred in this specific population, even with the presence of some childhood trauma.

Risk factors for the population's mental health amidst the COVID-19 pandemic / Factores de riesgo para la salud mental de la población en medio de la pandemia de COVID-19 / Fatores de risco para a saúde mental da população em meio a pandemia de COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify risk factors for mental health in the population in times of COVID-19 through the analysis of levels of socio-cognitive mindfulness and perception of stress in individuals. Method: This is a cross-sectional observational study with a quantitative approach, carried out through online data collection using the Perceived Stress Scale and the Langer Mindfulness Scale in a sample of 955 individuals from different regions of Brazil. Results: Women, younger people and individuals with low socioeconomic conditions had higher levels of perceived stress; on the other hand, older men and individuals with high socioeconomic status had higher levels of mindfulness. Conclusion: Socio-cognitive mindfulness was not a protective factor for perceived stress in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar factores de riesgo para la salud mental en la población en tiempos de COVID-19 a través del análisis de los niveles de mindfulness sociocognitivo y percepción de estrés en los individuos. Método: Se trata de un estudio observacional transversal con enfoque cuantitativo, realizado a través de la recolección de datos en línea utilizando la Escala de Estrés Percibido y la Escala de Mindfulness de Langer en una muestra de 955 individuos de diferentes regiones de Brasil. Resultados: Las mujeres, los jóvenes y las personas con condiciones socioeconómicas bajas presentaron mayores niveles de estrés percibido. Por el contrario, los hombres mayores y las personas con un nivel socioeconómico alto tenían niveles más altos de atención plena. Conclusión: El mindfulness sociocognitivo no fue un factor protector para el estrés percibido en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar fatores de risco para a saúde mental na população em tempos de COVID-19 por meio da análise dos níveis atenção plena sociocognitiva e de percepção ao estresse nos indivíduos. Método: Trata-se de um estudo observacional do tipo transversal com abordagem quantitativa, realizado por meio de coleta de dados online utilizando a Escala de Estresse Percebido e a Escala de Atenção Plena de Langer em uma amostra de 955 indivíduos de diversas regiões do Brasil. Resultados: Mulheres, pessoas mais jovens e indivíduos com baixas condições socioeconômicas apresentaram maiores níveis de estresse percebido. Em contrapartida, os homens mais velhos e indivíduos com altas condições socioeconômicas apresentaram maiores níveis de atenção plena. Conclusão: A atenção plena sociocognitiva não se constituiu fator de proteção ao estresse percebido no contexto pandêmico da COVID-19.

Perceived Stress Associated Factors in Workers at a Public University.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the predictors of perceived stress in a broad sample of workers at a Brazilian public university. METHOD: Cross-sectional study carried out with a convenience sample of workers at a public university in Brazil. To be included in the present study, the worker had to be an administrative technician. From March to August, 2017, workers were surveyed, and 929 participants answered the questionnaires of sociodemographic characterization, work and health conditions, perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale), depression (Beck Depression Inventory), and anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory). RESULTS: The multiple linear regression showed that higher perceived stress was associated with being younger and male, occupying a higher or technical position, and presenting higher levels of depression and anxiety. CONCLUSION: These findings have implications for occupational health nurses and other health professionals to identify workers at risk for chronic and mental illness through predictors of perceived stress and to guide institutions in planning practical actions for stress management interventions.

Protective measures feasibility for infants of low income SARS-CoV-2 positive breastfeeding mothers: a prospective multicenter cohort study.

AIM: The aim was to evaluate the feasibility of protective measures for infants of low-income SARS-CoV-2 positive breastfeeding mothers. BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding mothers with SARS-CoV-2 positive should avoid exposing the infant through protective measures (PM), but it could be challenging in a low-income population. METHODS: A prospective, multicenter study was conducted between July and October 2020 (BRACOVID). The participants were recruited at birth and interviewed through a structured questionnaire at seven and 14 days in the home environment. The feasibility of PM during breastfeeding at home was defined by guidelines recommendations (mask using, handwashing, and distancing from newborn when not breastfeeding). Three groups according to the feasibility of guidelines: complete guidelines feasibility (CG): all PM; partial guidelines feasibility (PG): at least one PM feasible; no guidelines (NG): infeasibility to all of PM. Flu-like neonatal symptoms, mothers' breastfeeding practices. We evaluated the association between PM feasibility and socioeconomic factors. RESULTS: 117 infected mothers from 17 Brazilian hospitals were enrolled. 47 (40%) mothers followed all recommendations, 14 (11.9%) could not practice at least one recommendation, and 50 (42.7%) did not execute any of them. The breastfeeding rate was 98%. Factors associated with infeasibility were monthly family income < 92.7 dollars/person, high housing density (>1 inhabitant/room), teenage mothers, responsive feeding, and poor schooling. Regarding infants' flu-like symptoms, 5% presented symptoms at fourteen days (NG group). CONCLUSION: The guidelines were not applied to infants of SARs-CoV-positive mothers in 54.6% of the dyads since the recommendations were unviable in their environments. During pandemics, we should look for feasible and effective guidelines to protect neonates from low-income populations. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Poor socioeconomic conditions lead to the unfeasibility of protective measures for infants of low-income SARS-CoV-2 positive breastfeeding mothers during the isolation period in the pandemics. The orientations and the support provided to dyad should consider the socioeconomic factors to guide feasible measures in the home environment and promote adequate protections; only an individual approach will allow a safe environment for low-income infants.

Repercussões do estresse precoce nas manifestações de impulsividade em usuários de drogas / Repercussions of early stress on manifestations of impulsiveness in drug users

Objetivo: Analisar a relação entre estresse e impulsividade em indivíduos com transtornos mentais relacionados ao uso e abuso de substâncias. Método: Pesquisa transversal e analítica. Avaliações foram realizadas pelo Childhood Trauma Questionnaire e pela Escala de Impulsividade de Barrat. Resultados: A regressão linear demonstrou uma significativa previsibilidade do escore total de Impulsividade explicada pelo Childhood Trauma Questionnaire total, abuso emocional e abuso físico (p<0,05). Impulsividade motora foi significativamente prevista pelo Childhood Trauma Questionnaire total, abuso emocional, abuso físico e abuso sexual (p<0,05). Foram identificadas correlações positivas entre abuso emocional e físico com o escore de impulsividade. Nos modelos de regressão linear os abusos emocional e físico foram as principais variáveis influenciadoras da impulsividade. Conclusão: O abuso emocional e físico em usuários de drogas influencia as manifestações de impulsividade, por isso é pertinente criar estratégias que visem diminuir os impactos da impulsividade e dos fatores subjacentes.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between stress and impulsive behavior in individuals with mental disorders related to substance use and abuse. Method: Cross-sectional analytical study. Assessments were performed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. Results: Linear regression demonstrated a significant predictability of the total impulsiveness score explained by the total Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, emotional abuse and physical abuse (p<0.05). Motor impulsiveness was significantly predicted by total Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, emotional abuse, physical abuse and sexual abuse (p<0.05). Positive correlations between emotional and physical abuse and the impulsiveness score were identified. In linear regression models, emotional and physical abuse were the main variables influencing impulsiveness. Conclusion:Emotional and physical abuse in drug users influences the manifestations of impulsiveness, so it is pertinent to create strategies aimed at reducing the impacts of impulsiveness and underlying factors.

Perceived Stress Associated Factors in Workers at a Public University / Fatores associados ao estresse percebido em trabalhadores de uma universidade pública / Factores asociados al estrés percibido en trabajadores de una universidad pública

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the predictors of perceived stress in a broad sample of workers at a Brazilian public university. Method: Cross-sectional study carried out with a convenience sample of workers at a public university in Brazil. To be included in the present study, the worker had to be an administrative technician. From March to August, 2017, workers were surveyed, and 929 participants answered the questionnaires of sociodemographic characterization, work and health conditions, perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale), depression (Beck Depression Inventory), and anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory). Results: The multiple linear regression showed that higher perceived stress was associated with being younger and male, occupying a higher or technical position, and presenting higher levels of depression and anxiety. Conclusion: These findings have implications for occupational health nurses and other health professionals to identify workers at risk for chronic and mental illness through predictors of perceived stress and to guide institutions in planning practical actions for stress management interventions.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever os preditores de estresse percebido em uma ampla amostra de trabalhadores de uma universidade pública brasileira. Método: Estudo transversal realizado com amostra de conveniência de trabalhadores de uma universidade pública no Brasil. Para ser incluído no presente estudo, o trabalhador deveria ser técnico-administrativo. Entre março e agosto de 2017, os trabalhadores foram pesquisados, e 929 participantes no total responderam aos questionários de caracterização sociodemográfica, condições de trabalho e saúde, estresse percebido (Escala de Estresse Percebido), depressão (Inventário de Depressão de Beck) e ansiedade (Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck). Resultados: A regressão linear múltipla mostrou que maior estresse percebido estava associado a ser mais jovem e do sexo masculino, ocupar cargo de nível superior ou técnico e apresentar níveis mais elevados de depressão e ansiedade. Conclusão: Esses achados têm implicações para enfermeiros de saúde ocupacional e outros profissionais de saúde identificarem trabalhadores em risco de doenças crônicas e mentais por meio de preditores de estresse percebido e orientar instituições no planejamento de ações práticas para intervenções de manejo do estresse.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir los predictores del estrés percibido en una amplia muestra de trabajadores de una universidad pública brasileña. Método: Estudio transversal realizado con muestreo de conveniencia de trabajadores de una universidad pública de Brasil. Para ser incluido en el presente estudio, el trabajador debí a ser técnico-administrativo. Entre marzo y agosto de 2017, se encuestó a los trabajadores y 929 participantes en total respondieron los cuestionarios de caracterización sociodemográfica, condiciones de trabajo y de salud, estrés percibido (Escala de Estrés Percibido), depresión (Inventario de Depresión de Beck) y ansiedad (Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck). Resultados: La regresión lineal múltiple mostró que un mayor estrés percibido se asoció con ser más joven y de sexo masculino, ocupar una posición superior o de nivel técnico y presentar niveles más elevados de depresión y ansiedad. Conclusión: Estos hallazgos tienen implicaciones para que los enfermeros de salud ocupacional y otros profesionales de la salud identifiquen a los trabajadores en riesgo de enfermedades crónicas y mentales a través de predictores del estrés percibido y guíen a las instituciones en la planificación de acciones prácticas para las intervenciones de manejo del estrés.

Efetividade de uma intervenção baseada em Mindfulness para redução de estresse e melhora da qualidade de vida em estudantes de enfermagem: Effects on stress and quality of life / Mindfulness based intervention for nursing students / Efectividad de una intervencion basada en Mindfulness para reduccion de estres y mejora de la calidad de vida en estudiantes de enfermeria

OBJETIVO: avaliar a efetividade de uma intervenção para redução de estresse baseada em Mindfulness em aspectos relacionados à Qualidade de Vida, Atenção Plena e Estresse Percebido, em estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação em enfermagem. MÉTODO: aplicados instrumentos de avaliação para a construção de uma linha basal e posteriormente a amostra foi submetida a um Programa de Redução de Estresse e aumento da Qualidade de Vida baseado em Mindfulness, formatado em encontros semanais por oito semanas. RESULTADOS: após a intervenção, houve diminuição do nível de Estresse Percebido, aumento do nível de Atenção Plena e melhora da Qualidade de Vida em âmbito psicológico. CONCLUSÃO: intervenções baseadas em Mindfulness se mostram efetivas e podem constituir um importante recurso para o gerenciamento do estresse e melhora na Qualidade de Vida dos estudantes.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention to reduce stress based on Mindfulness in aspects related to Quality of Life, Mindfulness and Perceived Stress in undergraduate and postgraduate students of Nursing. METHOD: evaluation instruments were applied to establish baseline data, and the sample was subsequently submitted to a Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction and Quality of Life, formatted eight consecutive weeks. RESULTS: after the intervention, there was a decrease in the level of Perceived Stress, increase in the level of Mindfulness and improvement of the Quality of Life in the psychological area. CONCLUSION: interventions based in Mindfulness are effective and can offer important resources for managing stress and improving the Quality of Life of students.

OBJETIVO: evaluar la efectividad de una intervención para reducción de estrés basada en Mindfulness en relación a la Calidad de Vida, Atención Plena y Estrés Percibido, en universitarios y estudiantes de postgrado de Enfermería. MÉTODO: previamente se aplicaron instrumentos de evaluación para la construcción de una línea basal y posteriormente la muestra fue sometida a un Programa de Reducción de Estrés y aumento de la Calidad de Vida basado en Mindfulness, constituído de encuentros semanales, durante ocho semanas consecutivas. RESULTADOS: se observó que después de la intervención, hubo disminución del nivel de Estrés Percibido, aumento del nivel de Atención Plena y mejora de la Calidad de Vida en ámbito psicológico. CONCLUSIÓN: intervencones basadas en Mindfulness se muestran efectivas y pueden constituir un importante recurso para manejar el estrés y mejorar la Calidad de Vida de los estudiantes.

Intervenção baseada em mindfulness reduz parâmetros de sensibilidade em mulheres com DTM dolorosa crônica / Mindfulness-based intervention reduces sensitivity parameters in women with chronic painful TMD / La intervención basada en la atención plena reduce los parámetros de sensibilidad en mujeres con TMD dolorosa crónica

OBJETIVO: analisar parâmetros clínicos sugestivos de sensibilização central em mulheres com disfunção temporomandibular dolorosa crônica antes e após uma intervenção baseada em mindfulness. MÉTODO: onze mulheres com idade entre 27 e 44 anos (36,36 ± 5,61), com diagnóstico de disfunções temporomandibulares dolorosa crônica (Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders), participaram do estudo. A hiperalgesia, a alodinia e o limiar de dor à pressão foram avaliados em pontos trigeminais e extra-trigeminais antes e após a intervenção baseada em mindfulness, bem como a aplicação do questionário Mindful Attention Awareness Scale. O programa de mindfulness de 8 semanas foi oferecido às participantes do estudo, com base no protocolo Mindfulness Trainings International, em sessões semanais de 2 horas e uma sessão de 4 horas. RESULTADOS: houve redução significativa da alodinia, da hiperalgesia e aumento do limiar de dor à pressão, além de aumento significativo do nível de atenção plena (p < 0,05) enquanto marcador de efetividade da intervenção baseada em mindfulness oferecida. CONCLUSÃO: índices mais saudáveis nos parâmetros clínicos sugestivos de sensibilização central investigados após a intervenção, representam melhora significativa na relação da pessoa com quadro de enfermidade crônica geradora de experiências desagradáveis contínuas como a disfunções temporomandibulares.

OBJECTIVE: manifestations of allodynia and hyperalgesia are commonly present in chronic painful temporomandibular disorder. Studies point to the benefits of people with chronic pain undergoing mindfulness-based interventions, by demonstrating brain, hormonal, and clinical changes. This study aimed to analyze clinical parameters suggestive of central sensitization (pressure pain threshold, allodynia, and hyperalgesia) in women with chronic painful temporomandibular disorder before and after a mindfulness-based intervention, through a before-and-after intervention study, longitudinal, uncontrolled. METHOD: the analysis included 11 women chosen at random from a total of 20, aged between 27 and 44 years (36.36 ± 5.61), diagnosed with chronic painful temporomandibular disorder according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders protocol and who completed the 8-week mindfulness-based intervention program. Hyperalgesia, allodynia, and pressure pain threshold were tested at trigeminal and extra-trigeminal points before and after the intervention as well as the application of the questionnaire to measure the level of mindfulness (Mindful Attention Awareness Scale). The 8-week mindfulness program was offered to the study participants, based on the Mindfulness Trainings International - protocol, in weekly 2-hour sessions and a 4-hour session (immersion). RESULTS: the results pointed to a reduction in allodynia, hyperalgesia and an increase in pressure pain threshold, with significant differences in several tested points (p <0.05). The changes identified were accompanied by a significant increase in the level of mindfulness (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: healthier indexes in clinical parameters suggestive of central sensitization investigated after the intervention represent a significant improvement in the person's relationship with a chronic illness that generates continuous unpleasant experiences such as temporomandibular disorder. Thus, the practice of mindfulness represents an appropriate and particularly interesting care because it is a low-cost, non-invasive intervention with low evidence of adverse effects.

OBJETIVO: las manifestaciones de alodinia y hiperalgesia y están comúnmente presentes en lo trastorno temporomandibular doloroso crónico. Los estudios señalan los beneficios de las personas con dolor crónico que se someten a intervenciones basadas en la atención plena, al demostrar cambios cerebrales, hormonales y clínicos. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar parámetros clínicos sugestivos de sensibilización central (umbral de dolor por presión, alodinia e hiperalgesia) en mujeres con trastorno temporomandibular doloroso crónico antes y después de una intervención basada en la atención plena, a través de un estudio de intervención antes y después, longitudinal, sin control. MÉTODO: el análisis incluyó a 11 mujeres elegidas al azar de un total de 20, con edades entre 27 y 44 años (36.36 ± 5.61), diagnosticadas con trastorno temporomandibular doloroso crónico de acuerdo con protocolo Criterios de diagnóstico para trastornos temporomandibulares y que completaron el 8- programa de intervención basado en mindfulness de una semana. La hiperalgesia, la alodinia y el umbral de dolor por presión se probaron en los puntos trigémino y extra-trigémino antes y después de la intervención, así como también en la aplicación del cuestionario para medir el nivel de atención plena (Escala de conciencia de atención plena). El programa de atención plena de 8 semanas se ofreció a los participantes del estudio, basado en el protocolo Mindfulness Trainings International, en sesiones semanales de 2 horas y una sesión de 4 horas (inmersión). RESULTADOS: los resultados apuntaron a una reducción en la alodinia, hiperalgesia y un aumento en la umbral de dolor por presión, con diferencias significativas en varios puntos probados (p <0.05). Los cambios identificados fueron acompañados por un aumento significativo en el nivel de atención plena (p <0.05), como un marcador de la efectividad de la capacitación ofrecida para la práctica de la atención plena. CONCLUSIÓN: los índices más saludables en los parámetros clínicos sugestivos de sensibilización central investigados después de la intervención, representan una mejora significativa en la relación de la persona con una enfermedad crónica que genera experiencias continuas desagradables como trastorno temporomandibular doloroso crónico. Por lo tanto, la práctica de la atención plena representa una atención aplicable y particularmente interesante porque es una intervención no invasiva de bajo costo con poca evidencia de efectos adversos.

Drug use influence on mindfulness among nursing students.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between the presence of drug use and the dimensions of mindfulness in a population of students of technical education in nursing. METHOD: Correlational study conducted in a teaching institution in the inlands of the state of São Paulo, in 2017. Participants were 135 students for which the ASSIST questionnaire with personal characterization data and the Mindfulness Five-facet Questionnaire were applied. Data were analyzed with use of descriptive and analytical statistics. RESULTS: The most used drugs were alcohol, tobacco and cannabis. The lowest score for mindfulness was 49 and the maximum was 171 points. There was a positive association between the presence of drugs in the three previous months and the "non-reactivity to internal experience" facet (p=0.004). CONCLUSION: Although the association seems to be in line with the precepts of mindfulness, this fact cannot be considered positive if analyzed separately from the other concepts of mindfulness. Descriptors: Mindfulness; Substance Use Disorders; Nursing Students; Technical Education in Nursing; Mental Health.

Drug use influence on mindfulness among nursing students / Influencia del consumo de drogas en la atención plena entre los estudiantes de enfermería / Influência do uso de drogas na atenção plena entre estudantes de enfermagem

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the association between the presence of drug use and the dimensions of mindfulness in a population of students of technical education in nursing. Method: Correlational study conducted in a teaching institution in the inlands of the state of São Paulo, in 2017. Participants were 135 students for which the ASSIST questionnaire with personal characterization data and the Mindfulness Five-facet Questionnaire were applied. Data were analyzed with use of descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: The most used drugs were alcohol, tobacco and cannabis. The lowest score for mindfulness was 49 and the maximum was 171 points. There was a positive association between the presence of drugs in the three previous months and the "non-reactivity to internal experience" facet (p=0.004). Conclusion: Although the association seems to be in line with the precepts of mindfulness, this fact cannot be considered positive if analyzed separately from the other concepts of mindfulness. Descriptors: Mindfulness; Substance Use Disorders; Nursing Students; Technical Education in Nursing; Mental Health.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Verificar la asociación entre la presencia del consumo de drogas y las dimensiones de la atención plena en una población de estudiantes de educación técnica de enfermería. Método : Investigación correlacional realizada en una institución de enseñanza en el interior de São Paulo, en 2017. Participación de 135 estudiantes para quienes se aplicó el cuestionario ASSIST con datos de caracterización personal y el cuestionario de cinco facetas de Mindfulness. Los datos se sometieron a estadísticas descriptivas y analíticas. Resultados: Las drogas más utilizadas fueron el alcohol, el tabaco y el cannabis. La puntuación más baja para mindfulness fue 49 y la máxima fue de 171 puntos. Hubo una asociación positiva entre la presencia de drogas en los últimos tres meses y la faceta "no reaccionar a la experiencia interna" (p=0.004). Conclusión: Aunque la asociación parezca estar en línea con los preceptos de mindfulness, este hecho no puede considerarse positivo si se analiza por separado de otros conceptos de la atención plena. Descriptores: Atención Plena; Trastornos por Uso de Sustancias; Estudiantes de Enfermería; Educación Técnica en Enfermería; Salud Mental.

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a associação da presença do uso de drogas com as dimensões da atenção plena em uma população de estudantes do ensino técnico em enfermagem. Método: Estudo correlacional, realizado em uma instituição de ensino do interior paulista, em 2017. Participaram 135 alunos para os quais foi aplicado o questionário ASSIST com dados de caracterização pessoal e o Questionário das Cinco Facetas do Mindfulness. Os dados foram submetidos à estatística descritiva e analítica. Resultados: As drogas mais utilizadas foram álcool, tabaco e maconha. O menor escore obtido para a atenção plena foi de 49 e o máximo de 171 pontos. Houve associação positiva entre a presença de drogas nos últimos três meses e a faceta "não reagir à experiência interna" (p=0,004). Conclusão: Embora a associação pareça consonante com os preceitos do mindfulness, este dado não pode ser considerado positivo se analisado separadamente dos outros conceitos da atenção plena.

Perspectiva espiritual, religiosidad y consumo de alcohol en adultos mayores / Spiritual perspective, religiousness and alcohol consumption in elderly / Perspectiva espiritual, religiosidade e consumo de álcool em idosos

Objetivo: conocer la relación entre la religiosidad y la perspectiva espiritual con el consumo de alcohol en los adultos mayores. Método: estudio descriptivo correlacional, en 39 participantes de Santa Catarina, Nuevo León, México. Se aplicó una cédula de datos personales, la Escala de Perspectiva Espiritual, el Índice de Religión de la Universidad de Duke (DUREL) y el Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test-Versión Geriatric (MAST-G). Resultados: el 82.1% de los participantes perteneció al sexo femenino, la edad de inicio de consumo fue a los 20 años (DE ± 18.8). Existieron diferencias significativas en la clasificación del consumo de alcohol según el sexo (U = 70.00; p < 0.05), el sexo femenino mostró mayor proporción de consumo sensato y el masculino de consumo riesgoso. Se observa relación negativa entre la religiosidad y el consumo de alcohol (rs = - 328, p = .041), sin embargo, no se observó significancia entre la perspectiva espiritual y el consumo de alcohol. Conclusión: es posible que las normas, prácticas y la participación en organizaciones religiosas contribuyan como factores protectores del consumo de alcohol en los adultos mayores. Reconocer que el consumo de alcohol está presente en adultos mayores y es más alto y de riesgo en varones.

Objective: to know the relationship between religiousness and spiritual perspective with alcohol consumption in elders. Method: correlational descriptive study, with 39 participants from Santa Catarina, Nuevo León, Mexico. A personal data record, the Spiritual Perspective Scale, the Index of Religion at Duke University (DUREL) and the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test-Geriatric Version (MAST-G) were applied. Results: 82.1% of participants were females, the age of onset of consumption was 20 years (SD ± 18.8). There were significant differences in the classification of alcohol consumption by sex (U = 70.00; p d <0.05); female sex showed higher proportion of sensible consumption and male showed higher risk drinking. There is a negative relationship between religiousness and alcohol consumption (rs = - 328, p = .041), however, no relationship was observed between spiritual perspective and alcohol consumption. Conclusion: It is possible that norms, practices and participation in religious organizations contribute as protective factors of alcohol consumption in the elderly. Recognize that alcohol consumption is present in older adults and is higher and of risk in males.

Objetivo: conhecer a relação entre religiosidade e perspectiva espiritual com o consumo de álcool em idosos. Método: estudo descritivo correlacional, realizado com 39 participantes de Santa Catarina, Nuevo León, México. Foram aplicados um questionário de dados pessoais, a Escala de Perspectiva Espiritual, a Escala de Religiosidade da Duke University (DUREL) e o Teste de Triagem Alcoolista de Michigan - versão geriátrica (MAST-G). Resultados: 82,1% dos participantes pertenciam ao sexo feminino. A idade de início do consumo foi de 20 anos (DE ± 18,8). Houve diferenças significativas na classificação do consumo de álcool por sexo (U = 70,00, p <0,05). As mulheres apresentaram maior proporção de consumo sensato e os homens de consumo de risco. Evidenciou uma relação negativa entre religiosidade e consumo de álcool (rs = - 328, p = .041), porém não foi observada significância entre perspectiva espiritual e consumo de álcool. Conclusão: é possível que as normas, práticas e participação em organizações religiosas contribuam como fatores protetores do consumo de álcool em idosos. Reconhece que o consumo de álcool está presente em idosos e é mais alto e de risco em homens.

Effects of a mindfulness-based intervention on the functional status and mindfulness of primary health care professionals: a before and after study

Abstract Background Contextual factors involving the physical and social environment, as well as personal factors, are closely related to functional status, and they can have positive or negative influences on the health conditions or status of an individual in society. Objectives The objective is to evaluate the effect of a mindfulness-based intervention program on functional status and mindfulness levels in primary health care (PHC) professionals in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Methods This is a quasi-experimental study, with 26 PHC professionals, using quantitative methods and an analytical before and after approach of an 8-week mindfulness program. Results There were significant differences in mindfulness facets after the intervention: Observe (p = 0.002); Describe - positive formulation (p = 0.01); Acting with awareness - automatic pilot (p = 0.01) and distraction (p = 0.05); Nonreactivity (p = 0.0005); Nonjudgement (p = 0.01); and in total mindfulness scores (p = 0.0000018). Regarding functional status, significant differences were found: change in health (p = 0.01), overall health (p = 0.007), quality of life (p = 0.04) and feelings (p = 0.01). Discussion The results in improving the functional status and mindfulness of PHC professionals show that mindfulness practices can improve the worker's quality of life and health.

Consultoria e ligação em saúde mental na perspectiva da equipe da Estratégia de Saúde da Família / Mental health consultation-liaison from the perspective of the primary health care team / Consultoría y conexión en salud mental en la perspectiva de la estrategia de salud de la familia

OBJETIVO: analisar as atividades de consultoria e ligação, realizadas pelos profissionais especializados em Saúde Mental, na perspectiva dos profissionais da ESF. MÉTODO: estudo exploratório, realizado em cinco núcleos de Saúde da Família, em um município do interior paulista, em 2010. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas, os quais foram submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo. RESULTADOS: as atividades de consultoria e ligação mostraram-se como um espaço de aprendizado mútuo entre especialistas de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental e equipes da ESF. CONCLUSÃO: recomenda-se a ampliação do número de atividades que articulem as ações de saúde mental com a ESF, como a consultoria e ligação, a fim favorecer a sensibilidade das equipes para as demandas de saúde mental na ESF e consolidação da integralidade do cuidado.

OBJECTIVE: analyze the consulting and liaison activities carried out by professionals specialized in mental health from the perspective of the PHC. METHOD: an exploratory study, realized in five Family Health centers, in a municipality in the countryside of São Paulo, in 2010. Data were collected through interviews, which were submitted to content analysis. RESULTS: as consultation-liaison activities were shown as a space for mutual learning between specialists in psychiatry and mental health and PHC teams. CONCLUSION: it is recommended to increase the number of activities that articulate mental health actions with PHC, such as consultation and liaison, in order to favor the sensitivity of the teams to the demands of mental health in the PHC and consolidation of the integral care.

OBJETIVO: analisar como actividades de consultoría y ligação realizadas pelis profissionais tourism em saúde mental na perspective dos profissionais da ESF. MÉTODO: estudo exploratorio, realizado en cinco núcleos de Salud de la familia, en el municipio de interior paulista, en 2010. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas, os quais foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo. RESULTADOS: como atividades de consultoría y ligação mostraram-se como um espaço de aprendised mútuo entre especialistas de psiquiatria e saúde mental e equipes del ESF. CONCLUSIÓN: recomendar una ampliación del número de actividades que articulan como funciones de salud mental con un ESF, como una consultoría y ligazón, un enfoque para sensibilizar a los equipos para las demandas de salud mental en ESF y consolidación de la integridad del cuidado.